Steam boiler and furnace therefor



Jan. 2, 1934. H. 1 KERR 1,941,865

kSTEAM BOILER AND 'FURNACE THEREFOR Filed June'r18. 1930 3 heets-Sheet lATTORNEYS.

Jan. 2, 1934. H J KERR 1,941,865

STEAM BOILER AND FURNACE THEREFOR Filed June 18. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2Fig Z- AINVENTOR 77 MATToRNEYs.

Jan. 2, 1934.

H. u, KERR STEAM BOILR AND FURNACE THEREFOR V3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June18, 1930 boocooooooooooncooocoooooooooooo ooooooooooooo INVENTOR aww/ BY2 l, l ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 2, 1934 UNITED STA STEAM BOILEB ANDFUaNAcE 'rnEaEFon Howard J. Kerr, Westileld, N.A J., assigner to TheBabcock & Wilcox Company, Bayonne, N. J.,

a corporation of New Jersey Application June 18, 1930. Serial No.461,864

17 Claims.

My invention more particularly relates to a steam boiler and furnacewith wall cooling tubes for the furnace arranged in two decks orsections.

My invention will best be understood by reference to theaccompanyingdrawings, in which I have illustrated a preferred embodimentof my invention, and in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section through Fig.2 illustrating a steam boiler and furnace embodying my invention; Fig. 2is a section, the right-hand portion of which is taken on the line 2--2of Fig. 1, and the lefthand portion of which is taken on the line 2*--2'lof Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a view similar'to Fig. 1, illustrating theupper portion of the boiler and furnace and showing the steam and waterdrum in a position different fromthat shown in Fig. 1.

Like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

Referring now to the drawings, 10 is an upper steam and water drum, andA and B indicate generally a lower and an .upper section or deck offurnace walls with wall cooling tubes associated therewith, there beinga return circulation to the steam and water drum for each set of tubes.I

The lower section or deck comprises lower headers 11 located at oppositeends of the boiler (only one of said headers being illustrated in Fig.1). Water is supplied from the steam and water drum l0 to the header l1at the left of Fig. l by tubes 12, and to the header 11, which is notillustrated in Fig. 1, by tubes 13 (see Fig. l). The header 1l at theleft of Fig. 1 is connected to an upper header 14 associated with thelower deck or section of the wall by wall cooling tubes 15. The headers11 and 14 are also connected by tubes 151 which, with the tubes 15, forma local circulation between the headers.

The header 14 is connected to the steam and water drum by a row of risertubes 16 which are distributed along said header. The other header 1l isconnected to an intermediate header 17 by a row of wall cooling tubes18. The header 17 is connected to an upper header 19 associated with theupper deck or section by tubes 20 which are inclined upwardly andinwardly to a point 21 from the header 17 to form a roof 201 over thelower portion of the furnace. From the point 2l, the tubes 20 extendvertically along the furnace wall to the header 19, the tubes 20 servingto cool the walls of said roof and the vertical walls. From the headerlg, riser tubes 22 extend upwardly to the upper steam and water drum 10.

The headers l1 and 19 at the end of the boiler are connected by tubes 23forming a local circulation between said headers, the upward flow offluid being through the intermediate header 1'?. L

A header 24 is located adjacent to the lower portion of the upper deck B(see Fig. 1), and water from the water space of the drum is suppliedthereto by tubes 25. Riser tubes 26 extend upwardly from the header andcool the associated wall, and from the point 28 slope lupwardly and.inwardly, as at 29above the upper section of the furnace chamber, thesloping portion of these tubes also cooling the associated wall of theroof. From the inner end of the roof, the tubes 29 extend upwardly andcommunicate with the steam and water drum 10.

A header 31 is also associated with the upper deck or section of thefurnace walls, and tubes 32 connect the water space of the steam andwater drum with said header. Riser tubes 33 extend upwardly from theheader 31 to a point 34 where the tubes are bent and slope upwardly andoutwardly, as at 35, and are connected to a header 36 which is, in turn,connected to the steam and water drum by tubes 37. The sloping portions35 of the tubes cool a. roof 38 which is a continuation of the roof 29,the two' roof portions 29 and 38 forming a complete roof over the top ofthe combustion chamber. As will be noted from Fig. 1, the upper ends ofthe tubes 33 are bare, and some of the tubes are bent while others arestraight, to provide passages for the flow of gases from the upper endof the contracted portion of the furnace chamber to the upper right-handportion of the furnace chamber, as viewed in Fig. 1. j

A header 39 Fig.,2) is located ach'acent to one of the side walls of thefurnace. This header.is connected to an upper header 40 by wall coolingtubes 41 enclosed in a'wil 42, and circulation tubes 43 also connect thetwo headers to provide a local circulation therebetween. Water issupplied to the lower header 39 by tubes 44 which are connected tothe'water space fof the steam and water drum, the upper. header 40 beingalso connected to the steam and water drum by riser tubes (notillustrated).

A header 45 at the opposite side of the boiler is connected toan upperheader 46 by wall cooling tubes 47, other tubes 48 connecting theheaders l5 and 46 to provide a local circulation therebetween. Water issupplied from the steam and water drum to the lower header 45 by tubes49 which communicate with the water space of th steam and water drum.

The upper deck or section of the furnace comprises a header 50 which isconnected to an upper header 5i by wall cooling tubes 52. Water issupplied to the lower vheader 50 by tubes 55 which are connected to thewater space of the steam and water drum 10. Other-tubes 511 connect thedrum 51 to the steam and water drum. Tubes 54 also connect the hders 50and 5l.

to provide a local circulation.

An economizer indicated generally at C is located between an end wall ofthe upper deck or section of the furnace and the outer wall or casing 56of the boiler. Water is supplied to the inlet header 5'7 of theeconomizer and passes in a generally upward direction through theeconomizer tubes 58 which extend back and forth across a flue 59 to anoutlet header 60 which is connected to the steam and water drum by tubes61.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated, a superheater, indicatedgenerally at D, is preferably located above the economizer C, thesuperheater comprising an inlet header 62 to which steam is conductedfrom the steam space of the steam and water drum 10 by tubes 63.Superheater tubes 64 connect the inlet header 62 of the superheater tothe outlet header 65, the tubes preferably being bent and extending backand forth across the flue a plurality of times.

Burners 66 extend through the walls at each end of the furnace, and airfor combustion purposes, which may be preheated by an air heater whichis not fully illustrated in the drawings, is supplied through ducts 67.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be noted that header 14 associated with thelower deck and which is located adjacent to the header 24 for the upperdeck, is mounted on a common standard 69, which is, in turn, mounted ona fixed structure 70. This construction permits the upper wall sectionto expand upwardly away from the header 24. and the lower wall sectionto expand downwardly in the opposite direction away from the header 14.Similarly, the headers 19 and 31 are mounted on a common standard 71which is, in turn, mounted on a fixed structure 72.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that the headers 46 and 50 arealso mounted on a common standard '73 which is, in turn, mounted on afixed structure 74. i

The operation of the boiler will readily be understood from theforegoing description and is as follows:

The lower enlarged space beneath the roof 201 f orms a comparativelylarge primary combustion chamber which is of sufcient Width from one endto the other of the boiler to prevent the flame from the burner 66 fromimpinging against the opposite wall and injuring the same. After leavingthe primary combustion chamber, the gases pass upwardly through thecontracted portion of the furnace chamber, which forms a secondarycombustion chamber and where the combustion is completed. From the uppercontracted portion of the furnace chamber, the

gases pass between the portions of the tubes 33 into the space above thesuperheater D and thence pass across the tubes of the superheater anddownwardly over the tubes of the econornizer to an outlet flue 68.

Fig. 3 of the drawings illustrates the upper steam and water drumlocated at the left-hand side of the figure instead of the right-hand asin Fig. 1.

By providing an upper and lower deck or section of the furnace wallswithrespect to the wall cooling tubes, adequate heating surface for theboiler is provided. At the same time, the tubes in the upper section arenot subjected to as high a temperature as would be thev case if thetubes were continuous throughout the furnace wall. The roof 201 alsoforms a shielding means at least partly preventing radiant heat from thelower or primary combustion chamber from reaching the tubes in the uppersection B of thc furnace wall.

The boiler and economizer, together with the superheater, fall within arectangle outside of which are the supporting columns '75 so that thewhole arrangement is compact and economizes floor space.

Certain features shown herein and not specically claimed are more fullydescribed and are claimed in my copending application Ser. No. 337,295.

While I have shown the invention as embodied in a specific form, it isto be understood that various changes in details may be made withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention, and I therefore do not intendto limit myself except by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In combination, a steam boiler, a furnace, an upper steam and waterdrum, two sections of furnace wall cooling tubes located at differentlevels, and connections between said sets of furnace wall tubes and saidsteam and water drum so constructed that separate circulations thereforare provided, the lower section of the furnace being provided with aroof extending towards the center of the boiler, wall cooling tubes ofsaid lower section extending along said roof to cool the same.

2. In combination, a steam boiler, a furnace,

an upper steam and water drum, two sections of furnace wall coolingtubes located at different levels, connections between said sets offurnace Wall tubes and said steam and water drum so constructed thatseparate circulations therefor are provided, the lower section of thefurnace being provided with a roof extending towards the center of theboiler, wall cooling tubes 'of said lower section extending along saidroof to cool the same, and an economizer located above said roof.

3. In combination, a steam boiler, a furnace, an upper steam and waterdrum, two sections of furnace wall cooling tubes located at differentlevels, connections between said sets of furnace wall tubes and saidsteam and water drum so constructed that separate circulations thereforare provided, the lower section of the furnace being provided with aroof extending towards the center of the boiler, wall cooling tubes ofsaid lower section extending along said roof to cool the same, and aneconomizer located above said roof, the gases from the furnace flowingupwardly in said furnace and .then downwardly over the tubes of saideconomizer.

4. In combination, a furnace having two sections of furnace wall coolingtubes located at dierent levels, headers to which the respective sets oftubes are connected, headers for two adjacent sections being locatedadjacent to each A' other, a common support for the headers of twoadjacent sections, the respective sections being expansible in oppositedirections from said commori support, means cooperating with each one ofsaid sets of cooling tubes to form therewith a circulation system,whereby a cooling medium may ilow through each set of tubesindependently of the others.

5. In combination, a furnace comprising an upsections for creatingcirculation therein, said lowlower section comprising a roof extendingabove a portion of the lower furnace chamber and an economizer locatedabove said roof, the structure comprising the furnace and economizerbeing approximately rectangular in horizontalcross section, the gasesflowing upwardly through a contracted portion of the furnace and at oneside of said economizer and thence downwardly over said economizer. A

7. In combination, a furnace comprising an upper and a lower section, anupper steam and water drum, two sections of wall cooling tubesassociated with the walls of said upper and lower sections,respectively, connections between said steam and water drum and therespective tube sections for creating circulation therein, said lowersection comprising La. roof extending above a portion of the lowerfurnace chamber and an economizer located above said roof, the structurecomprising the furnace and economizer being approximately rectangular inhorizontal cross section, the gases flowing upwardly through acontracted portion of the furnace and at one side of said economizer andthen downwardly over said economizer, some of the wall cooling tubesextending upwardly above the wall to form bare portions, some of whichare bent away from the others to provide passages for the flow of gases.

8. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, sets ofwater tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another, asteam and water drum, independent connections from said drum to oppositeends of the tubes in each set, whereby each set of tubes and said drumform a complete circulation system, and means for burning fuel adjacentthe bottom of said wall.

9. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, sets ofwater tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another, asteam and water drum, independent connections from said drum to oppositeends of the tubes in each set, whereby each set of tubes and said drumform a complete circulation system, means for burning fuel adjacent thebottom of said wall, the lower portion of said wall being directlyexposed to radiant heat from said burning fuel, and means at leastpartly shielding the upper portion of said wall from said radiant heats.

` 10. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, setsof water tubes forming part of said wall with one set aboveV another, asteam and water drum, independent connections `from said drum toopposite 4ends of the tubes in each set, whereby each set of tubes andsaid drum form a complete circulation system, means for burning fueladjacent the bottom of said wall, the lower portion of said'wall beingdirectly exposed to radiant heat from said burning fuel, and the upperportion ofthe furnace having a smaller cross-sectional area than thelower portion thereof, whereby theupper portion of said ing part of saidwall with one set above another,

. means cooperating with each one of, said sets to form therewith anindependent circulation system whereby a cooling mediurri may flowthrough each set of tubes independently of the other, and means forburning fuel adjacent the bottom of said wall. v

12. In combination, a steam boiler having an upper steam and water drum,a furnace having two sections of wall cooling tubes located at differentlevels, connections between said sets of furnace wall tubes and saidsteam and water drum, said connections being so constructed thatseparate circulations for said sets of furnace wall tubes are provided,the lower portion of the furnace chamber having a sloping roof extendinginwardly from a side wall thereof with tubes of one of said sets oftubes extending along said roof, an economizer located above said roof,and a second sloping roof located above said economizer with tubes ofthe upper set of tubes extending along said second roof.

13. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, setsof cooling tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another,means cooperating with each one of said sets of cooling tubes to formtherewith a circulation system, whereby a cooling medium may flowthrough each of said sets of tubes independently of the other, the lowerportion of the furnace having a roof extending inwardly towards thecenter of the furnace, and the wall cooling tubes of one of saidsections extending along said roof to cool the same.

14. In combination, a vertically extending fur-- nace having a lowerportion of relatively large horizontal cross-section and an upperportion of relatively small horizontal cross-section,1 an inwardlyextending roof over part of said lower portion and connecting a wall of'said lower portion to a wall of the upper portion, a substantiallycontinuous vertical wall disposed opposite said' roof and the wallsconnected therebyand bounding both said lower portion and said upperpor- .tion of the furnace, an outlet for furnace gases adjacent the topof said upper portion of the furnace and opposite said continuous wall,a downwardly extending ue connected to said outlet and disposed abovesaid roof and adapted to discharge gases adjacent said roof, a'. boilercomprising sets of cooling tubes forming parts of said walls with oneset above another and means cooperating with each one of said sets toform therewith a circulation system, whereby a cooling medium may owthrough each set of tubes independently of the other, a heat exchangedevice associated with said boiler and disposed in said flue, and meansfor burning a fuel in said furnace.

15. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, setsof cooling tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another,14( means cooperating with each one of said sets to form therewith anindependent circulation system whereby a cooling medium may flow througheach set of tubes independently of the other, and means for burning fuelin said furnace, said means subjecting the tubes in a lower set to moreintense heating than those in a higher set.

16. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, setsof cooling tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another,15C

means cooperating with each one of said sets to form therewith a.circulation system whereby a cooling medium may ow through each set oftubes independently o,f the other, means for burning fuel in the portionof the furnace bounded by the lower one of said sets, and means forshielding the tubes of an upper set from a part of the radiant heat ofsaid burning fuel in said lower portion.

17. In combination, a vertically extending furnace having a lowerportion and an upper portion, with the upper portion of smallerhorizontal cross-section than the lower portion, sets of cooling tubesforming part of the walls of said furnace and disposed one aboveanother, said upper portion of the furnace being bounded at least inpart by one of said sets and said lower portion being bounded at leastin part by a lower set, means cooperating with each one of said sets ofcooling tubes to form therewith an independent circulation system,whereby a cooling medium mayl flow through each of said sets of tubesindependently of the other, and means for burning fuel in the portion ofthe furnace bounded by the lowermost set of cooling tubes.

HOWARD J. KERR.

